Final Exam Part V.i

Catullus: I think I used Latin more originally than any other Latin writer in the history of the language. I was not afraid to be passionate in my writing- and sometimes that meant using language that other people were afraid to. I showed the world the Latin language has a spirit of its own.

Horace: I agree with you that you were original, but I'd prefer it if the world didn't think that Latin writers were not intelligent enough to express their ideas without foul language. I chose a more subtle form of sarcasm, in which i expressed my dislike of select people without being completely obvious

Jerome: While I agree that the language has its own spirit, I also think that it can be a tool to unify different people. I used the language to make a standard version of the Bible that could be more easily translated into other languages. My only regret is that some of the meaning of the Hebrew words were lost.

Final Exam Part IV

Catullus 1

To whom shall I give this extraordinary little book that has been polished by a dry pumice stone to? You, Cornelius: for you are in the habit of deeming my work as frivolous, when you were the only one of the Italians to unfold the history of the tribes into three chronicles, and you were taught by Jupiter. Therefore take this small book that by the maiden patron may withstand more than one generation.

Final Exam Part III

1. arido- manner
2. Chartis- instrument
3. doctis- manner
4. laboriosis- manner
5. saeclo- absolute
6. quicum- manner
7. sinu- place
8. desiderio- manner
9. nitenti- manner
10.

Final Exam Part II

1. quare monendum- whereby he was warned
2. qui puriter - which is pure
3. quod quisque minxit- what water which
4. quo iste- that which
5. quicum ludere- with which she plays
6. quem in sinu tenere- whom she holds in her lap
7. quam puella- which girl
8. qui nunc- that now
9. quae omnia- all of which
10. quem uidetis- that to see

Final Exam Part I

Horace 1.1
1. tollere- infinitive, to give out
2. iuvat- 3rd person singular pres. act. ind. iuvare
3. secet- 3rd person singular pres. act. ind. secere- meaning to sail
3. laudat- 3.S.pres.act.ind. laudare meaning to praise
4. Manet- 3.S. pres.act.ind. manere
5. miscent- 3.P. pres.act. ind. miscere- to grieve
6. secernunt- 3.P. pres.act.ind. secernere- to sever
7. tendere- infinitive-
8. spernit-3.S. perf. act. ind. spernere
9. Est- 3. S. pres. act. ind. esse- to be
10. demere- infinitive

Horace 1.37
1. parabat- 3.S.fut.act.ind. parare- to take from
2. sperare- infinitive
3. est- 3.S. pres.act.ind. esse- to be
4. redegit- 3.S. perf.act.ind. redegere
5. daret- 3.S. pres.act.ind. dare- to give
6. scilicet- 3.S. pres. act. ind. scilicere
7. expavit- 3. S. perf. act. ind. expavere
8. superbo- 1.S. fut.act.ind.superare- to be above
9. tractare- infinitive
10. reparavit- 3.S.pres. act.ind. reparare- to repair

Horace 3.30
1. vitabit- 3.S. fut.act.ind. vitare- to live
2. possit- 3. S. pres.act.ind. Posse- to be able to
3. dirvere- infinitive
4. scandet- 3. S. pres.act.ind. scandere- to scan
5. obstrepit- 3.S. pres.act.ind. obstrepere
6. regnavit- 3. S. pluperd.act.ind. Regnare
7. meritis- 2.P. Pres.act.ind. Meritere- to merit
8. laude- 1. S. pres.pass. ind. laudare- to praise
9. aere- infinitive
10. lauro- 1.S. pres. act. ind. laurare

Catullus 10
1. est- 3.S. pres.act.ind. esse- to be
2. Venimus- 1.P. pres.act.ind. venere
3. incidere- infinitive
4. esse - infinitive- to be
5. dicitur- 3.S. pres. pass. ind. dicere- to speak
6. parare- infinitive
7. collocare- infinitive
8. posset- 3.S.Pres.act.ind. posse- to be able to
9. licet- 3.S. pres.act.ind. licere
10. paravit- 3.S.pluperf. act.ind. - parare

Catullus 39
1. habet- 3.S.pres.act.ind. habere- to have
2. est - 3.S. pres.act.ind. esse- to be
3. excitat- 3.S.pres.act.ind. excitare- to be excited
4. renidet- 3.S.pres.act.ind.- renidere
5. lugetur- 3.S. pres. pass. ind. lugete
6. agit- 3.S.pres.pass.ind. agere
7. lubet- 3.S. pres. act. ind. lubere
8. renidere- infinitive
9. defricare - infinitive
10. praedicet- 3.S.pres.act.ind. praedicere

Salute to Horace

Air France update

The AirFrance jet that crashed somewhere over the Atlantic has yet to be found and families of those on the flights have been told to assume their relatives have died. Among those on the plane were 2 Americans, an Argentine, an Austrian, a Belgian, 58 Brazilians, 5 Britons, a Canadian, 9 Chinese, a Croatian, a Dane, a Dutch citizen, an Estonian, a Filipino, 61 French citizens, a Gambian, 26 Germans, 4 Hungarians, 3 Irish, an Icelander, 10 Italians, 5 Lebanese, 2 Moroccans, 3 Norwegians, 2 Poles, a Romanian, a Russian, 3 Slovakians, 2 Spaniards, a Swede, 6 Swiss and a Turk.
It is still as mystery as to how the plane has not been found yet, but messages sent immediately preceding the crash said that the plane was breaking apart. Navies are looking for the "black box" that will send a signal as to the planes location. However, the black box's signal only reaches about a three mile radius, and it is a vast area of ocean to search.

haha

Speeding Crackdown

The speed camera bill, that will take place in October in the Baltimore area, will put up speed cameras near schools and highways in order to catch and fine drivers traveling at least 12 miles over the speed limit. This will force drivers to slow down, but at what expense?Many Marylanders have already voiced their protest through a petition, but due to strict guidelines about signatures and little time to get them all before the deadline the petition was void. Maryland also does not allow residents to protest laws and policies through voting. Justin Shuy and Daniel Zubairi, co-chairs of the referendum group said that "Over the past few weeks many Marylanders have expressed their utter disdain ranging from anger over it being another tax, to concern over an increased big-brother 1984 police state, This results in so many Marylanders being denied a voice in their government by not being able to hold their elected officials responsible for questionable and unpopular policy."

Bloggerbot

In response to the discussion we had about the nanobots that scientists are developing to act as white blood cells, I found other nanobots that can be useful in everyday life. These are by Tim Foncesca.

Such as the barberbot. Thousands of "micro-nano" robots scuttle over the surface of your skin, in quest of hairs to trim. The "BarberBots" would each be pre-programmed from a desktop gadget containing a pre-set hair style configurations from which to choose. Just press the Mohawk pre-set button, and the micro-bots will obey.

The makeupbot...These bots can triple as "pixel bots" for general purposes; as "make-up" bots, or as small solar energy collectors.









and they can even make you smarter. Introducing the brainbot. The central cylinder of each Brainbot houses a computer that contains a storehouse of information equalling many large libraries, and instruments for recording "surface thoughts". Billions of these nanobots are in communication with one another, and with the brain cells, creating a secondary brain. I, personally, do not believe that it will ever be possible to download a "conscious" diesmbodied mind into a computer. However, it will be possible to place a robotic brain into a human skull, composed of billions of microscopic nanobots. This would give each human being two brains; an electro-chemical wet-brain, and a dry, purely electronic digital brain. When the two brains interact, a third brain may emerge with qualities for which we can only speculate.

Caetano Veloso

Forum of Augustus

The statuary in the Forum of Augustus displays busts of Augustus' ancestors. The southeast hemicircle has a sculpture of Romulus, holding the armor and spoils of one of and enemy commander that has been been killed by a Roman. In the northwest hemicycle stood a statue group of Aeneas carrying his father Anchises (who held the sacred Penates of Troy)and holding his son Ascanius by the hand. The hemicircles are followed by long colonnades of important Roman men. The northwest hemicircle was surrounded by busts of Alban kings and the colonnade that followed that side had the Julian lineage of busts. The southeast side's colonnade displays an estimated 108 busts of the summi viri, or important men. The center of the forum holds a statue of Augustus in a victorious chariot, with the inscription Pater Patriae or "father of the fatherland." The statuary is meant to prove that Augustus is descended from the gods and the founders of Rome and it is his destiny to rule Rome.

Catullus 5 scansion

practice test

Catullus

1
1. dono- first person singular, present active indicative from donare meaning "to give"
2. solebas- second person singular, imperfect active indicative from solere meaning "to be in the habit of"
3. habe- second person singular, present active imperative from habere meaning to have
4. maneat- third person singular, present active subjunctive from manere meaning "to remain"
5. es- second person singular, present active indicative from esse meaning "to be"

2
1. solet- third person singular, present active indicative from solere meaning "to be in the habit of"http://www.blogger.com/post-create.g?blogID=4895421839209620944
2. lubet- third person singular, present active indicative from lubere meaning "it pleases"
3. credo- first person singular, present active indicative from credere meaning "to trust"
4. acquiescat- third person singular, present active subjunctive from acquiescere meaning "to lie with"
5. possem- first person singular, imperfect active subjunctive from posse meaning "to be able"

3
1. est- third person singular, present active indicative from esse meaning "to be"
2. amabat- third person singular, imperfect active indicative from amare meaning "to love"
3. erat- third person singular, imperfect active indicative from esse meaning "to be"
4. norat- third person singular, pluperfect active indicative from noscere meaning "to get to know"
5. movebat- third person singular, imperfect active indicative from movere meaning "to move"

5
1. vivamus- first person plural, present active subjunctive from vivere meaning "to be alive"
2. amemus- first person plural, present active subjunctive from amare meaning "to love"
3. aestimemus- first person plural, present active subjunctive from aestimare meaning "to value"
4. possunt- third person plural, present active indicative from posse meaning "to be able to"
5. sciat- third person singular, present active subjunctive from sciere meaning "to understand"

64
1. dicuntur- third person plural, present passive indicative from dicere meaning "to say"
2.

ablative

atavis- from your ancestors- mean
regibus- of royalty- absolute
curriculo- in a small chariot- manner
fervidis - burning- manner
evitata- to avoid- means
palmaque- with palms- manner
turba- means
tergeminis- manner
honoribus- manner
horreo-place
sarculum- instrument
Attalicus- place
conditionibus- manner
trabe- means
Cypria- place
Icariis-place
fluctibus- manner
solido- separation
die- time
viridi- means
arbuto- place
lene- means
lituo- accompaniment
matribus- accompaniment
detestata- time
Iove- personal agent
catulis- means
fidelibus- means

review test

1. Parse each verb in Cat. 1, 2, 3, 5.
Catullus 1
Dono- present active indicative first person singular
Donare to give
Solebas – 2 person singular imperfect active indicative
Solere- to be in the habit of
Putare- present active infinitive 1st person ; to think
Esse- 3rd person present active infinitive, to be
Explicare- present active infinitive, to unfold
Habe- present active imperative second person singular- habere- to have
Maneat- present active subjunctive third person singular- manere- to remain

Catullus 2
Ludere- present active infinitive- to play
Tenere- present active infinitive- to hold
Dare- present active infinitive- to give
Solet- present active indicative- third person singular- solere- to be in the habit of
Incitare- present active infinitive- to enrage
Lubet- present active indicative third person singular- lubere- it pleases
Iocari- present active infinitive- to jest
Credo- present active indicative first person singular- credere- to trust
Acquiescet- future active indicative third person singular- acquiescere- to lie with
Ludere- present active infinitive- to play
Possem- imperfect active subjunctive first person singular- posse- to be able
Leuare- present active infinitive to lift
Est- present active indicative third person singular- esse to be
Ferunt- present active indicative third person plural- ferre- to bring

Catullus 3
Lugete- present active imperative second person- lugere- to mourn
Veneres- present active sunjunctive second person singular- venerare- to adore
Est- present active indicative third person singular- esse- to be
Amabat- imperfect active indicative third person singular- amare- to love
Erat- imperfect active indicative third person singular- esse to be
Noverat- pluperfect active indicative third person singular- noscere- to get to know
Mouebat- imperfect active indicative third person singular- movere- to move
Pipiabat- imperfect active indicative third person singular- pipiare- to chirp
Negant- present active indicative third person plural- negare- to deny
Sit- present active subjunctive third person singular- esse- to be
Devoratis- present active indicative second person plural- devorare- to devour
Ruebent- future active indicative third person plural- rudere-to roar

Catullus 5
Vivamus- present active subjunctive first person plural- vivare- to live
Amemus- present active subjunctive first person plural- amare- to love
Aestimemus- present active subjunctive first person plural- aestimere- to estimate
Occidere- present active infinitive – to fall
Redire- present active infinitive- to return
Possunt- present active indicative third person plural- posse- to be able to
Occidit- present active indicative third person singular- occidere- to fall
Est- present active indicative third person singular- esse- to be
Da- present active imperative second person singular- dare- to give
Fecerimus- perfect active subjunctive first person plural- facere- to make
Conturbabimus- future active indicative first person- conturbare- to confuse
Sciamus- present active subjunctive third person plural- scire- to know
Invidere- present active infinitive- to find
Possit- present active indicative third person singular- posse- to be able to
Sciat- present active subjunctive third person singular- scire- to know



2. Translate: Horace 1.11
May you not worry about what the gods give to me, or give to you
nor be intimidated, Leuconoe, of the Babylonians numbers.
over many winters for triburt Jupiter ultimate,
not that the stone has weakened the sea
Tyrrhenum, wisdom,
for jealous time is fleeting
Seize the day, have little trust in the future

3. Translate: Job 1
In the land of Uz there lived a man named Job and he was a simple and righteous fearing God and avoiding evil and born unto him were seven sons and three girls.
And in his possession were seven thousand sheep and three thousands camels
Likewise, 500 yoke of oxen and 500 female asses and a exceedingly large family and this man is greater than any of the men in all the east
And he walked with his sons and they made a feast throughout their home, each one his own day, and his men sent and summoned three of his sisters to put away the banquet and drink when they at any time they went over around the day of the banquet they were sent by Job and sanctified that who they ambushed at dawn he offered burnt sacrifices even though he said that his sons were sinners burned the sacrifice for every sin and they indeed, truly my sons have sinned and they praise God with their hearts thus they make Job (all day) but with the day the sons came God appeared before them
and on that particular day the sons of God were sent to appear before God and with them came Satan

galileo

It is seven minutes away from the eastern most point of Jupiter, 0 minutes over 30 seconds apart from the next one; The true easternmost point is 2 minutes from Jupiter: it is the outermost, brightly burning and the largest left surviving, which appears to be very small. By the most true easternmost line, I lead by the remaining part of Jupiter and a little by the raised north star they can see. I will have noticed that it will pass from its fixed easternmost position, The planet is 8 minutes away, perpendicular in regard to the highest planet’s line by all the extensive planets; but it is revealed as though it was right next to the figure.Jupiter and the other planets are adjacent to the immovable planets in comparison, the planets come forward up from under that, then the second length, likewise then the second latitude, with movement, that they were drawn up from the records, that they come together by claws, whoever it pleases to be able to understand. The fourth of the planets Mercury is observed, I recently discovered that first, from that, I gave it although that number had not been obtained yet, Although I announced it when I deemed appropriate.And the First, when Jupiter follows in a similar mode, They go before in manner, by then they go and descend in a line, then in sunset they spread out along one line, and the same they equally go backwards in the direction that they came, then they complete their own circles conversely. They repulse each other in equal circles: which manifests from the collision, Jupiter evidently digresses from the other planets.They detected it above, the planets are able to change their narrow circle todescribe the orbit of Jupiter: namely the star that is usually adjacent to the eastermmost part of Jupiter, with moving backwards perpendicularly from the original, and conversely: but the Planet, the most opposite orbit, they accurately describe the reverse, they have seen the reinstatement. Besides the existing declaration I have a small argument after that withdrawl, whih in the Copernicus system says that the planets circle the sun which is considered the steed, to a certain extent they confuse from the moon alone circles around the earth latitudanally, meanwhile both orbit around the sun annually, to this universe’s order, as it were impossible, they destroy what was observed: now indeed, still one other planet has a changeable circle, while both great circles orbit all around the sun, four forms resembling the earth’s moon circle Jupiter, feeling that we wander because of the stars, while all with Jupiter at the same time, 12 years for one orbit, they all orbit around the great Sun. They do not eventually pass, who on the other hand it turns out that they touch, to the Middle Star, while the narrow circle of Jupiter sums up a revolution, they sometimes see it itself doubly in any place. They are able complain of cause of the steam in the little earth; they namely increase the preparations, or if they lessen, while Jupiter and the neighboring unwavering great masses do not change or alter. That it comes but, approach and the earth withdrawls, its circle rotates, but it does not obtain the cause of the change, they see the inconceivable entirely: for the short circle right he is strong, it truthfully moves in an oval circle (which in that is able to move in the right way) and inconceivable, and it does not appear to move harmoniously, they are seeing. Which it helps in this, it pleases me to bring forward, and I present and think of the right philosophy and judgment. They agree, the moon orbits around the earth and the earth orbits around the sun, but the other smaller planets appear to be immovable: the moon rises from the horizon, the stars in truth, are smaller but are too plentiful to be inconspicuous, and also they diminish the greatness.

II. Lament for a Sparrow

Sparrow, my girl's favorite, with which she plays, that which possesses her lap, that which she gives her first finger and she is accustomed to provoke sharp bites, when it is pleasing to my shining beloved to make a joke and relief to her grief it pleases me. I believe, so that her heavy passion may become quiet:Only if I was able to play with you yourself, and free you from your sad thoughts.

To Cornelius

To whom shall I give this delightful little book polished by dry pumice? Cornelius you, in fact have been in the habit of being able to think my writing is frivolous, then seeing that you alone of the Italians dare to unfold all of the ages into three books,

In honor of the upcoming american idol finale

Love Letter

His lord, more correctly his father; his spouse, more correctly his brother, indeed his sister, disapproves the wedlock or Heloise and Abelene.
A friend of mine consoled a letter, you’re my beloved recently you’ve been able to bring me strength. Out of the heading I am immediately able to look upon your dear face myself, I read it so passionately and allow the dear author himself to surround me, to which it ruins my words and causes me to dance as his likeness is restored. They have been remembered; these letters speak every poison and are full of wormwood.
My complete reverence is in this letter in which in the beginning it promises my love to you, while one may see clearly in comparison your mistakes are not his or that he considered them little; Where indeed the teachers first set out to persecute you, then to your body they injured in the highest betrayal, to your fellow students likewise clearly Alberici, Remensis and Lotulfi Lumbardi be cursed and hated and vexed excessively and have their names etched into columns. Which indeed they suggest that you were condemned to spend time in jail for your theology. Indeed you add to your wrongdoings from your abbot and brother, I withdrawal your heavy pain and scandal from naming your oracle in the name of Paracliti. Then you end this sad story and still the cruel persecutions against you continue of course at the hands of the monks and accomplished tyrants that you call sons.
And then no one will be able to even read or even hear the value of this with dry eyes, this great pain is renewed greatly when they carefully express your pain and they increase to this point in your increasing danger you bring; so we all are forced to make ready for the despair of your life, and wait every day for the rumors of your death from and with trembling and throbbing hearts we wait. Therefore we pray to Christ who thus far protects you, to what extent the little maid-servant herself by your thick letter about your dignified shipwrecks, but not one, likewise one remains, you have shared you sorrow with us.

His lord, more correctly his father; his spouse, more correctly his brother, indeed his sister, disapproves the wedlock or Heloise and Abelene.
A friend of mine consoled a letter, you’re my beloved recently you’ve been able to bring me strength. Which out of myself I am able to admire your dear forehead

It's a love story, baby just say yes

The story of Peter Abelard and Heloise began in France in about the year 1115. Peter was a brilliant theologian, scholastic and philosopher. Heloise was an abbess and known for her knowledge of not only Latin, but also Greek and Hebrew. She was living within the walls of the Cathedral of Notre Dame under the care of her uncle, Fulbert, who was the canon. Peter was a chair at the Cathedral and soon learned of Heloise's beauty and intelligence. He stayed with Heloise and her uncle under the guise of educating her further. The two quickly fell in love, but the relationship interfered with Peter's career and Peter was no longer secretive about their love. Fulbert found then out and insisted that they separated. However, they still met in secret. Then Heloise discovered that she was pregnant and Peter sent her to live in Brittany with his sister. She named their son Astrolabe, after the scientific instrument. Peter proposed a secret marriage to Heloise to appease Fulbert to prevent from marring his career. She initially opposed it, but they did marry. Fulbert disclosed the marriage and Heloise denied it. Peter sent her to become a nun. Fulbert believed that Peter did that because he wanted to be rid of her so he castrated Peter, ending his career. The two wrote letters to each other forming the set of 113 anonymous love letters found in a fifteenth century manuscript represent the correspondence exchanged by Héloïse and Abelard during the earlier phase of their affair.

Fig Newton

"I do not know what I may appear to the world, but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the sea-shore, and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me"



Sir Isaac Newton was born January 4, 1643 in England. He was a physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. Newton built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed the theory that a prism decomposes white light into many colors which form the visible spectrum or a rainbow. He developed an empirical law of cooling and studied the speed of sound. He developed the differential and integral calculus alongside Gottfried Leibniz. He demonstrated the generalized binomial theorem, developed the so-called "Newton's method" for approximating the zeroes of a function, and contributed to the study of power series.

He wrote the Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, published in 1687. In this book, Newton lays the groundwork for most of classical mechanics through developing the three laws of motion, his explanation of gravity, and he showed that the motions of objects on Earth and of celestial bodies are governed by the same set of natural laws by demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's laws of planetary motion. He removed the last doubts of heliocentrism.

Newton was very religious, and unorthodox. He produced more work on Biblical hermeneutics than the natural science he is remembered for today.

He is remembered today as the being the most influential scientist on the history of science through the 2005 survey of scientists in Britain's Royal Society.

He died March 31, 1727.

Carmina Burana: 7

Equal to six hundred moneyed
o harden, whenever disorderly
they drink all that they are permitted at the end,
they drink enough to kill their minds
Thus, they peck at all of us people
and so they are needy.
At whatever price they are pecking us, they have been restrained
and they have not written with justice.

O! Fortuna

Carmina Burana

when they are in the tavern,
they do not worry, anyone that is in the country
but speeds up according to the game
and the wise exert themselves
anyone acts in the tavern
where coin is a bartender
this is need, to complain,
and the locals here

they are able to play, they are able to drink,
they are able to live as equals
but in game
sed in ludo qui morantur,
ex his quidam denudantur,
quidam ibi vestiuntur,
quidam saccis induuntur.
Ibi nullus timet mortem,
sed pro Baccho mittunt sortem.

Primo pro nummata vini,
ex hac bibunt libertini,
semel bibunt pro captivis,
post hec binbunt ter pro vivis,
quater pro Christianis cunctis,
quinquies pro fidelibus defunctis,
sexies pro sororibus vanis,
septies pro militibus silvanis.

Octies pro fratribus perversis,
novies pro monachis dispersis,
decies pro navigantibus,
undecies pro discordantibus,
duodecies pro penitentibus,
tredecies pro iter agentibus.
Tam pro papa quam pro rege
bibunt omnes sine lege.

Bibit hera, bibit herus,
bibit miles, bibit clerus,
bibit ille, bibit illa,
bibit servus cum ancilla,
bibit velox, bibit piger,
bibit albus, bibit niger,
bibit constans, bibit vagus,
bibit rudis, bibit magus.

Bibit pauper et egrotus,
bibit exul et ignotus,
bibit puer, bibit canus,
bibit presul et decanus,
bibit soror, bibit frater,
bibit anus, bibit mater,
bibit ista, bibit ille,
bibunt centum, bibunt mille.

Parum centum sex nummate
so durant, ubi immoderate
bibunt omnes sine meta,
quamvis bibant mente leta.
Sic nos rodunt omnes gentes
et sic erimus egentes.
Qui nos rodunt, confundantur
et cum iustis non scribantur.

relative clauses

26
quia post biduum Pascha fiet
qui dicebatur Caiphas
Quid molesti estis mulieri?
qui dicebatur Iudas Iscariotes
Quid vultis mihi dare
Qui intingit mecum manum in paropside, hic me tradet.
Filius quidem hominis vadit
er quem Filius hominis traditur!
qui tradidit eum
qui pro multis effunditur in remissionem peccatorum.
quod dicitur Gethsemani.
qui me tradit
Qui autem tradidit eum
ad quod venisti
qui acceperint gladium
An putas quia non possum rogare Patrem meum
quam duodecim legiones angelorum
Quomodo ergo implebuntur
quia sic oportet fieri
Quid isti adversum te testificantur?
Quid adhuc egemus testibus?
Quid vobis videtur?
Quis est,
qui te percussit?
"Nescio quid dicis!".
qui erant ibi
qui stabant

27
qui eum tradidit,
quod damnatus esset
Quid ad nos?
quia pretium sanguinis est
quod dictum
quem appretiaverunt a filiis Israel,
quem voluissent
qui dicebatur Barabbas
quem vultis dimittam vobis
qui dicitur Christus
ciebat enim quod per invidiam
Quem vultis vobis de duobus dimittam?
Quid igitur faciam de Iesu,
qui dicitur Christus?"
Quid enim mali fecit?
qui dicitur Golgotha,
quod est Calvariae locus,
Postquam autem crucifixerunt eum
Qui destruis templum et in triduo illud reaedificas,
quid dereliquisti me?
Quidam autem
qui dormierant
qui cum eo erant custodientes Iesum
quae secutae erant Iesum
inter quas erat
qui et ipse discipulus erat Iesu.
quod exciderat in petra,
quae est post Parascevem

28
Quae cum abiissent,
ecce quidam de custodia venerunt
quae facta fuerant.
quaecumque mandavi vobis.

roman boots

I don't like the boots that we have to wear while we march for many reasons. After marching for a few hours my feet ache because the soles don't support the arch of my foot. The leather gets really hot in the sun and the open design of the shoe allows rocks to get in. The ankle strap helps with protecting against injury, but it makes me less flexible.

Comic 39

64 (182-196)

scanning

terms

austin was my partner

Ecphrasis
lines 50-54
"haec uestis priscis hominum uariata figuris heroum mira uirtutes indicat arte. namque fluentisono prospectans litore Diae, Thesea cedentem celeri cum classe tuetur indomitos in corde gerens Ariadna furores, necdum etiam sese quae uisit uisere credit, utpote fallaci quae tum primum excita somno desertam in sola miseram se cernat harena. "

catalogue
lines 35-37
"deseritur Cieros, linquunt Pthiotica Tempe Crannonisque domos ac moenia Larisaea, Pharsalum coeunt, Pharsalia tecta frequentant. "

Dimunitive
lines 131
"frigidulos udo singultus ore cientem:"

epic simile
lines 105-11
"promittens tacito succepit uota labello. nam uelut in summo quatientem brachia Tauro quercum aut conigeram sudanti cortice pinum indomitus turbo contorquens flamine robur, eruit (illa procul radicitus exturbata prona cadit, late quaeuis cumque obuia frangens,) "

Golden Line
lines 59
"irrita uentosae linquens promissa procellae."

Hypermetry
line 298
"inde pater diuum sancta cum coniuge natisque"

Metonymy
line 11
"illa rudem cursu prima imbuit Amphitriten;"

Periphrasis
line 77
"Androgeoneae poenas exsoluere caedis"

Personification
line 78
"fors etiam nostris inuidit questibus auris"

synizesis
line 336
"qualis adest Thetidi, qualis concordia Peleo. "

Take Home Test 64

Line 1-more than 24
Once pine trees sprung from Pelion's vortex
They say that they float through the clear, surging waves of Neptune
Through Phasidos river and the country Aeeteos,
When the chosen youth, the strongest of the adult population,
They choose the golden Colchis turn away skin
When the chosen young man, the strongest of Argive adult population,
Desiring to go away from the Colchis golden fleece
They dared to sail swiftly over salt seas with ships
One the flat, blue salt water with wooden oars
For the goddess who holds the fortresses of the city tops
She made a light wind for the flying chariot
Binding the bent wood into the framework
TheAmphitriten's first rough voyage
she sailed with her beak over the windy sea
and the waves were tortured by the oars and grew white with foam
they looked up from the foaming whirlpool of waves
and the Nereids admired the strange thing
the mortal eyes saw by no other light than the sea
with their eyes the naked nymphs
Then Pelius is said to have caught the fire of love with Thetis
Thetis did not look down upon human marriage
then the father himself knew that pelius must be married to thetis
oh heroes, you were born in the happiest of ages
of your good mothers, hail!
you, i often address you in song
and you are greatly blessed with a lucky marriage (pine) torch
and Oceanus, who circles the world with sea?
now when the awaited day was fulfilled

Lines 60-85
Who away from the weedy, gloomy darling of Minos,
like a marble figure of a bacchanical, look forward, alas
she looks forward and the waves of torment swell
nor does she keep the delicate yellow hair restrained with a headpiece
nor veiling her breast with a cloack
nor concealing her milky- white bosom with a girdle
all of whom slipped off with the turbulence of the sea
before her very feet the salty waves crashed
but neither her headpiece nor flowing cloak
cared not, but on thee, Theseus, with all her thoughts
with all of her spirit, with all of her mind was hanging
miserable, the persistence which grief maddens
joining together the difficult desires
That storm, wild from the occasion that Theseus
setting forth from the wild shores of Piraei
reached the Gortian palace of the lawless king
for they tell of old, driven by a cruel pestilence
to pay a penalty for the slaughter of Androgenoneae
Was to show the chosen youth for the slaughter
Cecropia wanted to give as a feast to the Minotaur
now when his narrow walls are troubled by these problems
Theseus chose to offer himself for his dear Athens
in front of the living corpses so that they could not be taken to Crete

39

Egnatius, who had bright teeth,
Smiles everlasting. If you come to the king
To the courtroom bench, with the speaker exciting on the river,
This shines; if they mourn at the funeral of their son
The mother will weep for the one son,
This shines. Whatever is it, wherever he is,
Whatever he does, he shines: he has death,
Neither elegance, or thinking, nor taste.
So my advice must be given now to you, my good Egnatius.
If you are of the city or you are a Sabine or Tiburnine
Or the pig of the Umbrian or an obese Etruscan
Or a black and tough Lanuvian,
Or Transpadane, or touching my people,
Or anybody, any people who have clean teeth,
You should still not be smiling at all times:
There is nothing more silly than a silly laugh.
Celtiberians are not: Celtiberians are in the earth,
The natives are here, this one time is bad,
And his teeth and gums are red,
For, the cleaner your teeth are,
This is implied when one drinks a lot.

Parsing 5 Verbs:
1. est: 1st person present active indicative of "esse" meaning "to be".
2. esses: 1st person imperfect active subjunctive of "esse" meaning "to be".
3. renidet: 3rd person present active indicative of "renideo" meaning "to shine."
4. praedicet: 1st person present active indicative of "praedico" meaning "to proclaim."
5. habet: 2nd person present active indicative of "habeo" meaning "to have."

Bar Flies

You and your companions of the lustful tavern,
the capped brothers of the ninth pillar,
Do you think that you alone have penises?
Do you think thatyou alone can have sex with whichever girl and call the others he-goats?
Or, because you fools sit in an unbroken line of 100 (or 200 perhaps?)
do you not think that I will dare to rape orally one or two hundred loungers?
Moreover you should think: for I will draw dicks on the front of the whole tavern for you
For my girl, whom has fled my embrace
whom I have loved as no other has loved
for whom great wars were fought by me,
has climbed to those I just mentioned.
all of you fine and well to do men love her, and indeed, which is undeserved, all of the small time louts and alleyway sex maniacs,
you are beyond the longhaired rabbit son of Celtiberae
Egnati, whose dark beard is good and makes teeth scoured in Spanish urine.

Putatis- 2nd person plural present active indicative of the word "putare"; meaning "to think"
Confutuere- 2nd person singular present passive subjunctive of the word "confutuare" meaning "to have sex with"
Fecit- 3rd person singular present active indicative of the word "Facere" meaning "to build"
Est- 3rd person singular present active indicative of the word "esse" meaning "to be"
Consedit- 3rd person singular perfect active indicative from the word "considere" meaning "to sit down"

Catullus' poem 37 cannot be simply categorized as a poem of insult, comedy, or the irony of love and life because it contains all of those elements. Rather, Catullus uses all of those elements to effectively express his dissatisfaction with the "womanizer" attitudes of the young aristocrats that hung out in the tavern. However, did Catullus really write this poem because he was annoyed with the arrogant attitudes of the "barflies"? That is part of it, but two basic human emotions are underlying themes in this poem: insecurity and jealously.
Catullus is not jealous of the "barflies" for their womanizing capabilities. He says "non putatis ausurum me una ducentos irrumare sessores?" which expresses that he is confident that he is more capable than them in getting the ladies. However, sometimes why someone said something is more important than what they said. Catullus writes that to tell the "barflies" that their promiscuous sex lives are no more impressive than the sex life of a he-goat. He uses the devices of comedy and insult to further express his opinion.confutuere et putare ceteros hircos"

catullus 1-40

Once pine trees sprung from Pelion's vortex
They say that they float through the clear, surging waves of Neptune
Through Phasidos river and the country Aeeteos,
When the chosen youth, the strongest of the adult population,
They choose the golden Colchis turn away skin
When the chosen young man, the strongest of Argive adult population,
Desiring to go away from the Colchis golden fleece
They dared to sail swiftly over salt seas with ships
One the flat, blue salt water with wooden oars
For the goddess who holds the fortresses of the city tops
She made a light wind for the flying chariot
Binding the bent wood into the framework
TheAmphitriten's first rough voyage
she sailed with her beak over the windy sea
and the waves were tortured by the oars and grew white with foam
they looked up from the foaming whirlpool of waves
and the Nereids admired the strange thing
the mortal eyes saw by no other light than the sea
with their eyes the naked nymphs
Then Pelius is said to have caught the fire of love with Thetis
Thetis did not look down upon human marriage
then the father himself knew that pelius must be married to thetis
oh heroes, you were born in the happiest of ages
of your good mothers, hail!
you, i often address you in song
and you are greatly blessed with a lucky marriage (pine) torch
and Oceanus, who circles the world with sea?
now when the awaited day was fulfilled

ecphrasis

Sara's mother died when she was born. All of her life she felt guilt about being the reason her mother died and she wished that she had the chance to know her. One day, Sara was in her attic finding the box with the Christmas decorations and she came across a box titled "Jennifer". Time stopped. She was paralyzed in her spot. She didn't know how long she stared at that box, but she decided to open it.
Inside, Sara found a wedding dress and she pulled it out. A tiny picture of a woman on her wedding day fell to the ground. Sara picked it up and recognized the woman as her mother, Jennifer. She closed her eyes and smelled the wedding dress. When she opened her eyes she wasn't in her attic anymore. She saw Jennifer sitting in front of a vanity so Sara called out to her, "Mom!". Jennifer didn't turn. Then the door opened and a woman told Jennifer that it was time for her to go. She got up and followed the woman, Sara followed. Then she saw her grandpa take Jennifer's arm. The organs began playing the familiar bridal tune and the old, wooden doors opened to the church's congregation. She looked down the isle and saw her father and how excited and in love he looked. She decided that she was invisible because no one was answering her calls, so she stood next to her parents as they exchanged vows. Later, at the reception Sara saw how much her parents loved each other and how excited they were to share their lives. Jennifer was so lively, she danced the whole time. Soon the reception was over and her parents were leaving to catch the plane for their honeymoon. As soon as the doors shut, Sara was transported back to her attic at her house.
She was curious to see what else would be in the box. She found a children's book when she looked in. Another picture fell out, it was also of her mother, but this time she was with her family as a little girl.

Change

I feel like the inauguration of Barack Obama ushered in a new era of hope for the American people. There were so many people at the inauguration itself (over 1.2 million people), which just proves how many people are excited about the new presidency.

The two references that I found were:
1. The columns of the Capital building were influenced by Classical columns
2. The very word inauguration comes from Latin words such as in- meaning

Winnie Ille Pu

There are several modern children books that have been translated into Latin.
Here are a few that I wish my parents had gotten for me when I was little...

part ii

PART II

7. (100 points) for this part, you may use the Latin Library site, but no dictionaries. Answer the following in a five paragraph academic essay: Using the Book of Job from the Vulgate Translation, explain: if God is all-powerful, all-knowing, and all-good, then why do bad things happen to good people? Your answer must cite the Latin text no less than 10 times or you will not receive ANY credit for your answer. You do not have to translate the Latin.

Maybe the reason that God allows bad things to happen to good people is to instill a deeper love of him, an unconditional love. Job mistook the bad things that happened to him as being a punishment from God. Too often in life people do the same thing that Job did. They question God and ask, “Why me?” They immediately think that when bad things happen to them that they are being punished, but when one has nothing to be punished for, and is called by God to be “mea servo” then why is he punished?

It seems a bit contradictory that humans admit to God being “omnipotens”, yet they still question his actions. If they really believed that he knew all then why would they even attempt to understand his mysterious ways? God became angry with Job when he questioned Him, saying, “uis est iste qui celat consilium absque scientia ideo insipienter locutus sum et quae ultra modum excederent scientiam meam”.

God’s actions in the story of Job may be a metaphor for life and the after life. God gives Job all of his possessions back twofold after he endured all the suffering. “ Dominus autem benedixit novissimis Iob magis quam principio eius et facta sunt ei quattuordecim milia ovium et sex milia camelorum et mille iuga boum et mille asinae
13 et fuerunt ei septem filii et filiae tres”. The end of the story may be a metaphor for what will happen in Heaven if one is a good follower of God.

God is saying that things that happen in this life are not given on terms of good behavior, they are given through reasons that only God can know and understand.

If God is all powerful, all knowing, and all good then why would a mere human even attempt to try to understand why bad things happen to good people?

midterm

PART I

1. (10 points) Translate the following.
Please write your translation next to or under the poem.

Vivamus mea Lesbia, atque amemus,
rumoresque senum seueriorum
omnes unius aestimemus assis!
soles occidere et redire possunt:
nobis cum semel occidit breuis lux,
nox est perpetua una dormienda.
da mi basia mille, deinde centum,
dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,
deinde usque altera mille, deinde centum.
dein, cum milia multa fecerimus,
conturbabimus illa, ne sciamus,
aut ne quis malus inuidere possit,
cum tantum sciat esse basiorum.

Let us live, My Lesbia,

And let us value all of the rumors of the old senators at one penny!

Give me a thousand kisses, and then a hundred, and then another thousand, and then a second hundred, and then another thousand, and another hundred

Then, after we have made many thousands of kisses


2. (10 points) In a five paragraph academic essay, answer the following question: Some scholars believe that although this poem is addressed to Lesbia, Catullus actually wrote it with the intention of criticizing the publicly espoused mores of the Republican Roman aristocracy. Explain how these scholars get this idea and then argue either in defense of the theory or argue against it. You must cite no less than 2 examples of grammatical or syntactical evidence from the poem to back up your claim.

Catullus was a very passionate writer. He was opinionated, witty, and unafraid to expose his true desires. This poem may have a duel meaning. The first meaning is obviously seen through his expression of his devotion and love to Lesbia. However, the second meaning is his expression of his contempt for the Roman aristocracy.

He writes “atque amemus,/ rumoresque senum seueriorum/omnes unius aestimemus assis!”. He critiques the judgmental and gossipy nature of the old men in the aristocracy. He says that he values their opinion less than how much he would value a penny. Those words vividly describe his dislike of those men.

He later says that “ne sciamus,/ aut ne quis malus inuidere possit,/ cum tantum sciat esse basiorum.” He is openly admitting that he does not care what those men think of him because he thinks that they are petty. It is almost like a slap in the face to the old men. He is disregarding what those men think


3. (10 points) Translate the following.
Please write your translation under the text.

Catullus I.I

Cui dono lepidum novum libellum
arida modo pumice expolitum?
Corneli, tibi: namque tu solebas
meas esse aliquid putare nugas
iam tum, cum ausus es unus Italorum
omne aevum tribus explicare cartis
doctis, Iuppiter, et laboriosis.
quare habe tibi quidquid hoc libelli
qualecumque; quod, patrona virgo
plus uno maneat perenne saeclo.

Who should I give this lovely little book to?

Cornelius,

4. (10 points) Some scholars have argued that Ovid's story of Europa and the Bull is a metaphor for the Augustan Era. Do you agree or disagree? Write your response in a 5 paragraph academic essay.

Ovid’s story of Europa and the Bull can serve more purposes than mere entertainment. He may have written the story as a metaphor for the Augustan Era. It is an arguable theory, but not necessarily true.

The stories that Ovid wrote served purposes, normally teaching the importance of good morals or just for entertainment. Many of his stories were passed down through tradition. Europa and the Bull was a story about open to new ideas and not being combative and to tell the story of how Europe got its name. Europa became friends with the bull, when all the other girls were afraid of it. The Augustan Era was host to the Pax Romana, arguably the most prosperous and peaceful time in the history of the Roman Empire. However, the idea of being peaceful and open was not necessarily a new idea.

One could make the story of Europa and the Bull into a metaphor for the Augustan Era through relating the peaceful beginning and harsh end of Europa to the peaceful beginning and harsh end of the Pax Romana, but does that mean that was the conscious intention of Ovid when he was writing the story? If all of his other stories were simply stories that had simple meanings, then this story is probably no different.

“Some scholars” could argue that all of Ovid’s stories were metaphors for something because metaphors can be made from any situation, time period, or event relatively easily. Therefore, it is a great assumption to say that he was making that metaphor. If all of Ovid’s other stories were metaphors for events in Roman history then it would be more plausible that the story of Europa and the Bull is also a metaphor. However, his other stories were fables meant to be a metaphor for whatever the good moral that the story describes is or they were stories about the gods that were passed down through tradition.

While it is possible that he made the story into that metaphor, it is a stretch to say that was his intention. Scholars are right in saying that Europa and the Bull could be a metaphor for the Augustan period, but they are most likely wrong in saying that it was his purpose to make it into that metaphor.

Stay Classy Planet Earth

Since the weather in Northern North America has been record- breakingly cold, I thought that I would blog about the weather forecast coming up tomorrow for Rome.

The high tomorrow is 51 degrees Fahrenheit and the low is 41 degrees Fahrenheit with a 40% chance of precipitation.

Seacreast Out

I saw this video when I was posting my own Latin class video on YouTube. This video is also fitting because the show "American Idol" premires tonight and last night.

Video

42- Job

42

But responding to God, Job said

I know that you are able to know all and nothing can escape your thought

That which is concealed by your intelligence, without knowledge I therefore foolishly speak and the method o f your manner passes beyond my knowledge

You hear and I speak and ask and you reveal me

Your ear, hearing, I hear you now therefore my eyes see you

Therefore, in person, I blame myself and I urge you to change your mind from ashes and embers

But after you speak is God words which from Job said the anger of Eliphaz Themaniten is my passionate love in you and two friends because you are not in the presence of me you are just as my virtuous servant Job

Therefore, You take up 7 bulls and seven rams and march to my servant Job and offer burning sacrifice on behalf of you therefore my servant Job will beg on behalf of you I will accept his face even if you do not charge him with stupidity nor speak namely he is honest to me just as my servant Job

Therefore, Eliphaz Themanites and Baldad and Sophar Naamathites depart and did just as God said and God accepted Job's presence

Likewise God cleared away Job's sins seeing that Job asked for penance that is on behalf of his friends and God gave Job double of all he had.

Therefore he comes to all his brothers and all his sisters and all he was earlier familiar with and seeing that, they consumed the same bread in their house and moved above his head and they comforted and consoled him for all of the bad that God brought upon him and they each gave him a sheep and one golden earring.

Therefore the Lord blessed Job with more than that which he had previously with 40 thousand sheep and 6 thousand camels and a thousand yoke of oxen and a thousand she- donkeys

And with seven sons and three daughters

And he said that the name of the first day and the name of the second Cassia and the name of the third horn antimony

Therefore, they were not finding women more beautiful than Job's daughters in all of the region and their father gave an inheritance among their brothers

Then Job lived for 4 hundred years and his sons and his son's sons for 4 generations and then he died, full of days

liber iobi; caput I

In the land of Uz there lived a man named Job and he was a simple and righteous fearing God and avoiding evil and born unto him were seven sons and three girls.

And in his possession were seven thousand sheep and three thousands camels

Likewise, 500 yoke of oxen and 500 female asses and a exceedingly large family and this man is greater than any of the men in all the east

And he walked with his sons and they made a feast throughout their home, each one his own day, and his men sent and summoned three of his sisters to put away the banquet and drink when they at any time they went over around the day of the banquet they were sent by Job and sanctified that who they ambushed at dawn he offered burnt scarifices even though he said that his sons were sinnersburned the sacrifice for every sin and they indeed, truly my sons have sinned and they praise God with their hearts thus they make Job (all day) but with the day the sons came God appeared before them

and on that particular day the sons of God were sent to appear before God and with them came Satan

Horace's "monumentum aere perennius"

Discuss how Horace tried to bring Greek poetry forms to the Latin language. Do you agree with his assessment of his accomplishment in Ode 3.30? Cite no less than ten lines / examples from Horace (in Latin ). 8 pages.

         Horace is not worthy of the praise that he gives himself in his poem, Ode 3.30. He was not the first poet to bring Greek poetry forms to Latin poetry, Catullus was. Catullus used the Sapphic verse in two of his poems, 11 and 51. Horace wrote more poems of Greek meter. Eighty- eight to be exact throughout his Odes I-III. Sapphic verse basically looks like this:

 - u -  x  - u u -   u - -

- u - x - u u - u - -

- u - x - u u - u - x - u u - -

Horace’s “great” “monumentum aere perennius” was writing his poetry in the Sapphic meter shown above.

Horace was partially accurate in saying that he has created a monument more lasting than bronze and loftier than the royal structures of the pyramids or “Exegi monumentum aere perennius reglalique situ pyramidum altius” simply because his words have stood the test of time, not because his poems featured Greek forms. They are a testimony to human emotions and how people have had the same emotions since the beginning of time. While it is true that Horace’s poems are studied for using Greek verse, is it not the content of a poem that is most important?

Horace’s poems give people a window into Roman life because he wrote about his everyday life. He wrote about the Roman Empire under the Augustan peace. “Tutus bos etenim rura perambulat / butrit rura Ceres almaque Faustitas”(Ode 4.5) He means that the countryside of the empire is flourishing and Ceres and Prosperity nourish the land. However many of his famous poems are about women that he was infatuated with; women that he wanted to have sex with. It is ironic that the poems by Catullus and Horace that feature those themes are censored or banned in schools, but the very students who are banned from those poems are listening to music that expresses the same sentiment. Horace and Catullus are the predecessors to modern musicians such as Dave Matthews, Lil Wayne, and Bare Naked Ladies (just to name a few). Take Dave Matthews’ “Crash into Me” for example.

“Touch your lips just so I know
In your eyes, love, it glows so
I’m bare boned and crazy for you
When you come crash
Into me”

Compare it to Horace’s lyric poetry from his Ode I.v.

“quis multa gracilis te puer in rosa
perfusus liquidis urget odoribus

grato, Pyrrha, sub antro?”

“Which elegant boy, drenched with liquid
perfumes, is kissing you among many roses,
Pyrrha, in a pleasant grotto?”

Both artists write about love and desire, which are basic human emotions. However, Dave gets the girl and Horace is left alone. “qui nunc te fruitur credulus aurea” (1.5).Horace asks her, “Who now enjoys you, credulous, all-gold?” Horace is dismayed because his love has left him for someone else. That is a feeling that most people go through in their lives, and not just in present times. The pain of heartbreak has afflicted people throughout the ages. Divorce rates have been high since the late 1960s. Students (and people in general) today are constantly having sexuality and other “bad” influences thrown in their face by the pop culture media. Yet most schools continue to ignore that teen pregnancy rates are rising; or instead of ignoring it, they give kids condoms and tell them not to use them (see video below). However, Horace talks about his emotions. He talks about how he misses Pyrrha, which is much more realistic than just saying that he should have never even gotten involved with her because sex is “bad”.

Horace does not deserve the praise that he gives himself in his Ode 3.30 for bring Aeolian verse to Italian poetry; he deserves it for the words that he left the world; words such as “carpe diem” (1.11.8) and “dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas” (1.11.7-8). Horace himself said the he wanted his words to live forever “Non omnis moriar multaque pars mei vitabit Libitinam”(3.30.6). He says that his body may die, but that his soul will forever live in the pages of his poetry. The sentiment expressed in his Ode 1.11 will certainly live forever. “Carpe diem” is a well-known phrase that has inspired people over the ages to live for the day and not to trust that there will be a tomorrow. In the movie, “The Dead Poets’ Society”, it inspires young men from a strict, private boarding school to be passionate about life and to realize what their own desires are instead becoming the doctors and bankers and lawyers that their fathers want them to be. Those ancient words surround us in different forms; such as, the slogan for the American Eagle brand is “Live your life.”

Horace lived his own words. He said “carpe diem” to a girl that he wanted to sleep with because he did not want her to worry about what other people would think of her for being promiscuous. He wanted her to seize the day and to live the moment that they were presently in. Horace’s words have stood the test of time and they continue to be prevalent today. His words are his “mountain of bronze”, not the type of verse that he used.

discussion

1. How long did Sumerian Civilization exist?
ca.5400- 1940 BC

2. How long did Rome exist?
27 BC – AD 476 / 1453

3. Will America exist to a comparable age? Say it does; what will it look like?
I do think that America will exist to a comparable age. I think that it will have more housing to accommodate the growing population. I picture something similar to the new developments that seem to have sprung up over night all over suburban Maryland where all the houses are almost identical.

lit terms

1. allegory: a prolonged metaphor
2. Simile: a comparison of two things using the words like or as
3. litotes: understatement
4. onomatopoeia: making noises into words ex. whoosh, bam
5. caesura: a break or pause in a sentence or line
6. enjambment: the running over of one line into the next
7. apostrophe: the turning away from the audience to talk to someone who is dead, or not present
8. alliteration: using words that begin with the same sound or letter in a sentence
9. epic simile: a simile in which an action or something that has happened is compared to something in nature
10. epigram: a short letter, it originally meant an engraving on a tombstone
11. personification: giving something inanimate human qualities
12. metaphor: associating two things together
13. chiasmus: A B B A
14. elision: two words that run together
15. ellipsis: omission of words that are understood
16. oxymoron: combining two very different words into one phrase ex. "little giants"
17. irony:
18. rhetorical question: a question that is not meant to be answered
19. amoboen: two parties exchanging dialogue with another
20. catalogue: any list

Translation Test- Catullus 1-10

Catullus 1

Who should i dedicate my delightful thirsty little book that has a manner as polished as a pumice stone?
Cornelius, you: in fact are in the habit of being able to travel with anybody and believe nonsense
you go then with intent is one and all the tribes of Italy time unfold papyrus to teach, Jupiter, and painstakingly!
Therefore, have you whichever that book at any time; what, o virgin patron, greatly one remain continual age.

3- 1.5
Mourn, o Venus and Cupid,
and how many is of the prettiest people:
the dead parrot is my girl's,
the parrot, delight of my girl,
who she loved more than her own eyes

7
How many of my kisses are you seeking, Lesbia, that they may be more than enough.
How great a number is the sand of Libya
The laserpicium lies in the blazing Cyrene
between the oracle of Jupiter and

Battus' ancient sacred tomb.

Or how many stars, when the night is silent,

They see the hidden love of people

So many kisses ito kiss you

is wild, Catullus

Which neither they may be able to count

Up the spies nor evil is able to bewitch the tongue

10

Varus led me leisurely from the

forum to see his new love:

the whore (she is looking at me so unexpectedly)

not sensibly intelligent nor unattractive;

we were coming so, we fell into different conversations

Napkin thief
Have you no better topics to write about?
why does my liking of napkins offend you so?
You truly honor me, Catullus,
with your interest in my doings
For you are such a great and upstanding man
and I, but a lowly napkin thief.
Out of all of the topics of the world
you chose to write about me,
even though you do it out of hate,
it is flattery nonetheless.
forgive me, Catullus, I did not know
that those napkins were so precious to you.
they are mere cloth, but apparently
they are also food for your short temper.
I am humbled by your attention
to my shortcomings and I pray
for the forgiveness of such an morally upstanding man such as yourself.

"an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind"

I think that it's horrible that an enforcer of the law would ever shoot a child for a minor offense. That's not to say that the boy who was shot is innocent. It was stupid of him to throw rocks at a police car, especially if the policeman was in the car, but he did not deserve to die. I don't think that the public reacted well. The riots are not fixing any problems, they are only creating more animosity. I believe that "an eye for an eye makes the whole world blind" as Ghandi once said. Those citizens of Athens have a right to be angry with their government and they have a right to fight for what they want, but no one has the right to take away another person's life. They are also destroying their own city and after the riots are over they still have to live in the mess that they created.

7- sight reading

With in apparent is his occupation, He waged war with the Romans. This is nothing, they went through Africa (his father was called Mago) they consulted with P. Sulpicium and C. Aurelium. His teachers told him told him to go from Carthage to see Rome, the senate and the people were thankful to see him, because with his presence came peace, from the king his spirit gives simultaneously, he assumed Fregellis

How Many Kisses

You ask me how many kisses will satisfy you, Lesbia, may it be more than enough.
How great are the numbers of sand in Libya
The lasarpiciferis lies in the blazing hot Cyprus
between the oracles of Jupiter and the Battius' ancient, sacred tombs;
or how many stars, when the night is quiet,
They see the hidden love of people:
To kiss you and kiss you more
is wild, Catullus, more than satisfying
Which neither they may be able to count

Poem

Wonderful Itunes, you hold my music
it is beautiful to my ears
and it soothes my soul
for many years you have helped guide me
in my room and in my car
I listen to that music that you hold
it takes the broken pieces and makes them hold
you have a playlist for my every mood
I love you almost as much as food
today you gave me some Bob Dylan for my journey to school
you make all other music storage devices look like fools
you also give me music while I run
it makes the trip around Bel Air much more fun
some call it noise
I call it art
Mr. Vitucci may take my music from you
but he can never erase it from my heart
anyways i can always re-download it
that's about as hard as eating a banana split
I listen to Brett Dennen on the beach
his music is as refreshing as a peach
You are truly wonderful, dear iTunes
you do your job well
every time I listen to you it raises my morale
I don't know what I would do without you
..maybe use Rhapsody
but you are much better
and defiantly the music storage device for me

Lit Terms- Horace Ode 1.37

Line 1
"Nunc est bibendum, nunc pede libero"- anaphora

Line 17
"remis adurgens"- Synedoche

Line 17
"acciptur velut"- simile

Line 20
"daret ut"
postposition

Lines 22-23
"perire quarens nec muliebriturexpavit ensem, nec latentis"-anaphora

Now Only Lasts For One Second

Define Epicureanism and explain how Horace's poetry fits into the general philosophy. You must cite / close read the Latin of no less than five poems by Horace. 8 pages.

Epicureanism was founded around 307 BC and it is a philosophy based on the beliefs of Epicuris. He was a follower of Democritis. Democritis was an atomic materialist, which means that he believed that all things were made from matter. Therefore, he believed there is no God, gods, or spirits. He did not believe in superstition or divine intervention. Atomic materialism is the antithesis of idealism. Epicureans believe that the way to experience true happiness and achieve the greatest food is to seek modest pleasure which would five them peace of mind and to learn about how the world works and the limits of human desires. They believe in living every moment of their lives to the fullest and they believe in deriving as much pleasure as they possibly can out of each of those moments. They did not believe in thinking about consequences or what the future may bring. Epicureanism is often mistaken for hedonism. They are related, both proclaim that pleasure is the only intrinsic good, but Epicureans believe that being without bodily pain is the greatest pleasure and they support a simple lifestyle. Hedonists are the more materialistically indulgent of the two groups.

Horace was an Epicurean. He makes this evident throughout much of his poetry. Horace’s 1.1 illustrates the Epicurean belief that pleasure is the greatest good a person can have. He begins the poem by thanking Maecenas. Maecenas has, in many ways, enabled Horace to be a poet because Maecenas is his patron. Lyric poetry brings Horace much pleasure, so he dedicated his book of lyric poetry to the man who enables him to write it.

The rest of that poem was about other people finding pleasure in what they do. After the dedicated to Maecenas he writes about Charioteers and their spectators. “Sunt, quos curriclo pulverem Olympicum collegisse iuvat metaque fervidus evitata rotis palmaque nobilis terrarium dominos evehit ad deos.” This means “there are some that delight in racing chariots and avoiding burning wheels at the turning point in the Olympian dust and the noble palm lifts up the lords of the earth to the gods.” He is saying that the charioteers enjoy the glory of the racing and the challenge that the race brings. They have to avoid the spikes that are in the other racers’ wheels. The people watching derive pleasure from watching the racers. It makes them feel distinguished and noble, almost as though they are gods.

Later in the poem (Lines 15-18), Horace illustrates the Epicurean belief that people should be free of pain. He writes of a merchant who came home early with broken rafts because fighting the Africans was bringing him too much pain. He came home in order to get as much pleasure out of his life as possible instead of waiting until he beat the Africans to have pleasure in life.

The last thing that Horace writes about in this poem is his own love of writing poetry. He writes “Me doctarum hederare praemia frontium dis miscent superis, me geldum nemus” which menas “the rewards of being a doctor of ivy, mixes my brow with the higher gods.” He is saying that he revels in the rewards he gets from writing poetry. He feels distinguished just by this simple occupation. He feels as though he is one of the gods. The simplicity of his pleasure is a major belief in the Epicurean philosophy.

Ode 1.5 is about how Horace avoided the pain of heartbreak through pursuing a girl, Pyrrha, who was already involved with another man. He writes that he has saved Pyrrha from “shipwrecking” as in her relationship with the other man was a shipwreck and Horace was truly the right choice. This relates to Epicureanism in that Horace avoided pain through winning Pyrrha, therefore bringing himself pleasure.

Horace’s Ode 1.22 is a love poem to Lalage. He tells her that his love for her is invulnerable. This poem also follows the Epicurean belief in simple pleasures. “Integer vitae scelerisque purus non eget Mauris iaculis neque arcu, nec venetatis gravida sagittis, Fusce, pharetra.” He says that he does not need deadly weapons in order to have a full and pleasurable life. He is not afraid of death. He writes of traveling to different place, but only wanting to be with love, Lalage. Horace finds simple pleasures through laying in an empty field, many people would view this as a waste of time because he is not being productive, but were humans really put on the earth to constantly be productive? No one really knows why humans were put on earth, but Horace chooses to spend the time that he has earth lying in fields, thinking about his love and his poetry.

Ode 1.37 addresses another major Epicurean belief. They do not believe in an afterlife, so there is no need to fear death. Cleopatra did not fear death after her troops failed. “ausa et iacentem viscere regiam voltu sereno, fortis et asperas tractare serpents, ut atrum corpore combiberet venenum”. Cleopatra committed suicide, which was considered an honorable death. She was serene and unafraid of the snakes that bit her. The Latin says that her body drank the serpent’s venom. Also in this ode, Horace writes of how Cleopatra became drunk off of cheap wine after she knew that her troops would lose. In a sense it is in keeping with Epicurean beliefs, but it also differs. It brought pleasure to Cleopatra to become drunk, but it was overindulgence on her part which is against Epicurean beliefs of seeking simple pleasures. She had to change her state of mind in order to receive pleasure out of the situation. Epicureans also do not drink cheap wines. They believe in drinking the best because there may not be a tomorrow so there is no point in saving wine for a special occasion; everyday is a special occasion.

Horace’s Ode 1.11 encapsulates the philosophy of Epicureanism with two words, “carpe diem”, meaning “seize the day”. Of course, in the poem he says, “carpe diem”, in order to persuade Leuconae to have sex with him. The entire line is “Carpe diem, quam minimum crodula poster”, meaning “Seize the day, putting as little trust as possible in tomorrow.” He said it to give her a new perspective on the situation. He did not want her to refuse him because for fear of what others may think. He told her to do what she could do today, because there may not be a tomorrow. He teaches to live every day as though it was the last. “Carpe diem” has become one of the most famous quotes in the world and it can be applied to most people. Horace taught people to look at the world in a different way. Instead of worrying about the future or feeling like they have some debt they have to pay today in order to have pleasure tomorrow he teaches that love and pleasure should be found in everyday occurrences. He teaches that human relationships should always take priority over work or business.

The first thing Horace says in the poem is “tu ne quaesieris (scire nefas), quem mihi, quem tibi finem di diderint, Leuconoe, nec Babylonios temptaris numerous”. That means that Leuconae should not worry about the future for that would be sacrilege because only the gods know what the future hold. Horace is saying that what is meant to be will happen, so it is a waste of time to worry about will happen since it is going to happen anyways.

In order to drive that point home, Horace uses two examples. “Seu pluris hiemes, seu tribuit Iuppiter ultimam, quae nunc oppositis debilitat pumicibus mare Tyrrhenum,” The first example is Jupiter can allow for many more winters or she can allow for the current one to be the last one, either way humans have no effect on it and it is just up to the god’s whims. He says that to Leuconae because he does not want her to fear the god’s wrath. He is basically telling her that the gods could care less about what she does. The second example is one pumice stone damaging the Tyrrhenian Sea, instead of the sea damaging the stone. The stone obviously cannot damage a sea too much. Horace uses that example to illustrate that Leuconae is just one person and there thousands more people the gods worry about. Her actions cannot damage everyone because she is the pumice stone and the rest of the world (including the gods) is the sea.

He also says earlier, “dum loquimur, fugerit invida aetas”, meaning “while we talk, jealous time flees.” He is saying that she should not hesitate or waste time that she could be spending with Horace hesitating. This philosophy has survived through the ages. Hootie and the Blowfish’s “Time” is an example of this. “Time, you left me standing there; Like a tree growing all alone” says that wasting time doing things that are not truly important, such as nurturing relationships with other people or challenging popular (possibly misguided) beliefs will only lead to loneliness. The next lines in the song are “The wind just stripped me bare, stripped me bare; Time, the past has come and gone; The futures far away; Now only lasts for one second, one second.” That supports Horace’s Epicurean belief of living in the moment. The reason Horace told Leuconae that time is fleeting is because he knew that if she thought about the consequences of her actions she would never have sex with him. Horace challenges Leuconae to think for herself, to do what she thinks is right or what she wants to do regardless of what others think.

Horace has given the world a true gift through his words. The philosophy of “carpe diem” has survived the ages and continues to inspire people today. People embrace those words and apply them to their lives. Without those thoughts there may have never been the works of Picasso, Warhol, and da Vinci. Those artists would have been too busy worrying about what other people think to dare to create something original, they would have wasted their time hesitating.